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Gravitational Time Dilation Calculator

Clock-rate slowdown deep in a gravitational well.

Compute the gravitational time-dilation factor t/t₀ = √(1 − 2GM / (r·c²)) for a clock at distance r from a spherically symmetric mass M (e.g. a planet or star). For r ≤ Schwarzschild radius the formula breaks down.

Dr. Helena Ortiz By Dr. Helena Ortiz
Published Last reviewed 1 min read

Inputs

× 10²⁴ kg
m

Results

Enter values and click Calculate to see results.
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How to use this calculator

  1. Fill in the inputs above using the units you already have.
  2. Values update automatically as you type — no submit button needed.
  3. Hover any result row for the underlying formula and intermediate values.

Formula

t / t₀ = √(1 − 2GM / (r · c²))

In depth

Compute the gravitational time-dilation factor t/t₀ = √(1 − 2GM / (r·c²)) for a clock at distance r from a spherically symmetric mass M (e.g. a planet or star). For r ≤ Schwarzschild radius the formula breaks down.