Factor of Safety from Yield and Applied Stress Calculator
Calculates factor of safety FOS = σ_yield / σ_applied. FOS < 1 → failure; 1.5 = minimum structural; 3+ = critical safety...
Kinematics, dynamics, and classical-physics shortcuts.
Solve the common physics textbook calculations — velocity, acceleration, force, and energy — with units correctly tracked end to end.
Calculates factor of safety FOS = σ_yield / σ_applied. FOS < 1 → failure; 1.5 = minimum structural; 3+ = critical safety...
Calculates the heat energy transferred to or from a substance using Q = mcΔT. Enter mass, specific heat capacity, and te...
Calculates gear ratio, output speed (RPM), and output torque from input speed, input torque, gear teeth counts, and tran...
Calculates the theoretical and actual power output of a wind turbine from wind speed, rotor diameter, air density, and p...
Approximates the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor using the Colebrook–White equation (Churchill approximation): 1/√f = −2·...
Calculates battery runtime from capacity (Ah), load current, depth of discharge, and battery efficiency.
Calculates the thermal efficiency and net specific work output of a Rankine steam power cycle from four state-point enth...
Calculates apparent power (kVA), active power (kW), and reactive power (kVAR) for a three-phase AC system from line volt...
Calculates motor efficiency η = P_output / P_input, losses = P_in − P_out, and input current at a given voltage. Typical...
Calculates the daily energy output of a solar PV panel from peak watts, peak sun hours, panel efficiency, and temperatur...
Calculates linear thermal expansion ΔL = α·L₀·ΔT, volumetric expansion ΔV = 3α·V₀·ΔT, and final dimensions for a solid w...
Calculates the number of usable hosts per subnet = 2^(32−prefix) − 2, total addresses = 2^(32−prefix), and the subnet ma...
Calculates hoop (circumferential) stress σ_h = P·r/t and longitudinal stress σ_l = P·r/(2t) in a thin-walled pressure ve...
Estimates daily and monthly energy output from a solar panel array from rated power, peak sun hours, and system efficien...
Calculates the series current-limiting resistor value needed to protect an LED from a supply voltage given its forward v...
Calculates real power P = √3·V_L·I_L·PF, reactive power Q = √3·V_L·I_L·sin(arccos PF), apparent power S = √3·V_L·I_L, an...
Calculates second moment of area (moment of inertia), section modulus, and radius of gyration for rectangular and I-sect...
Calculates the Mach number for compressible gas flow from flow velocity, specific heat ratio γ, gas constant R, and stat...
Calculates wind turbine power output from rotor diameter, wind speed, air density, and power coefficient Cp (max Betz li...
Calculates thermal resistance R_th = L/(k·A), where L is thickness, k is thermal conductivity, and A is cross-sectional...
Estimates fatigue life (cycles to failure) from applied stress amplitude and S-N curve parameters (ultimate strength and...
Calculates voltage drop along a two-conductor cable run from current, cable resistance per km, and cable length.
Calculates hydraulic radius, flow velocity, and volumetric flow rate for open-channel or pipe-full flow using Manning's...
Calculates gear ratio GR = T₂/T₁, output RPM = input RPM / GR, output torque = input torque × GR × η, and pitch line vel...