Degree of Unsaturation from Molecular Formula Calculator
Calculates the Degree of Unsaturation (DBE/IHD) of an organic compound from its molecular formula. Each ring or double b...
Moles, concentrations, and stoichiometry — step by step.
Solution concentration, dilution, and reaction math — with careful unit handling and explanations of the underlying relationships.
Calculates the Degree of Unsaturation (DBE/IHD) of an organic compound from its molecular formula. Each ring or double b...
Compute the fraction of total ammonia present as un-ionized NH₃ vs the ammonium ion NH₄⁺ at a given pH and temperature,...
Calculates the boiling point elevation of a solution using the van't Hoff factor, ebullioscopic constant and molality.
Compute the difference in Pauling electronegativity between two atoms and classify the bond as nonpolar covalent (Δχ < 0...
For an acid–conjugate-base pair in water at 25 °C, compute the pKb of the conjugate base from the acid pKa using pKa + p...
Compute the mass percent of a solute in a solution from the mass of solute and the mass of solvent. Reports % (m/m) and...
Determine the empirical formula of an organic compound containing C, H, and (optionally) O from a combustion analysis: a...
Compute the freezing point of seawater (or any aqueous NaCl solution) from its salinity using the colligative-property f...
Solves the ideal gas law PV = nRT for pressure, volume, moles, or temperature given the other three variables.
Compute the new pH of a Henderson-Hasselbalch buffer after adding moles of a strong acid (HCl). The strong acid converts...
Calculates the van der Waals fugacity coefficient φ = exp[(b/(Vm−b)) − (2a/(RT·Vm))], where a and b are VdW constants, f...
Compute the thermodynamic equilibrium constant K from a reaction's standard Gibbs free energy change ΔG° (kJ/mol) at tem...
Estimate the buffer capacity β of a conjugate acid-base pair at the working pH from the analytical concentrations of HA...
Estimate the higher heating value (HHV) of a solid fuel (coal, biomass, wood) directly from its ultimate-analysis mass f...
Calculates the volume of titrant solution required to completely neutralise a given analyte using n₁V₁ = n₂V₂. Applicabl...
Converts mass percentages of C, H, O, and N into moles then divides by the smallest to get the empirical formula subscri...
Compute the saturated vapor pressure of a pure liquid at a given temperature using the Antoine equation log₁₀ P = A − B...
Calculates absorbance, transmittance, and concentration in a Beer-Lambert spectrophotometry experiment from molar absorp...
Compute the half-life of a second-order reaction A → products from the rate constant k (M⁻¹·s⁻¹) and the initial concent...
Compute the mean-ionic activity coefficient γ of a dilute aqueous electrolyte at 25 °C using the Debye-Hückel limiting l...
Compute the molar solubility s of a sparingly-soluble ionic salt from its solubility-product K_sp. Choose the dissolutio...
Compute the dilution factor and final concentration when a stock solution is diluted to a new volume: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, so C₂...
Convert between the acid dissociation constant exponent pKa and its conjugate-base counterpart pKb using the water relat...
Calculates H⁺ concentration and percent ionization α for a weak acid HA ⇌ H⁺ + A⁻ using Ka. Solves the quadratic for [H⁺...