Mole Fraction from Two Vapour Pressure Measurements Calculator
Applies Raoult's law to a binary solution: P_total = x₁·P°₁ + x₂·P°₂. Calculates mole fractions x₁ and x₂ from the measu...
Moles, concentrations, and stoichiometry — step by step.
Solution concentration, dilution, and reaction math — with careful unit handling and explanations of the underlying relationships.
Applies Raoult's law to a binary solution: P_total = x₁·P°₁ + x₂·P°₂. Calculates mole fractions x₁ and x₂ from the measu...
Compute the percent by mass of a single element in a chemical compound from the number of atoms of that element, its ato...
Compute the crystal-field stabilisation energy (CFSE) for a transition-metal complex in an octahedral field: CFSE = n(t₂...
Compute the pH of an aqueous solution of the conjugate base of a weak acid (A⁻ from a strong-base / weak-acid salt). The...
Compute the percent ionization of a weak monoprotic acid: % ionization = ([H⁺] / C₀) · 100, with [H⁺] ≈ √(Ka · C₀). Usef...
Compute the molar concentration of a solution directly from the mass of solute (in grams), its molar mass, and the final...
Compute the percent water of hydration in a hydrated crystal from the mass of the hydrate before and after heating off t...
Uses Faraday's laws of electrolysis to calculate moles deposited: n = Q / (z · F), where Q is charge in coulombs, z is i...
Compute the total osmolarity (osmol/L) of a solution containing up to three independent solutes, each with its own molar...
Compute the mass of carbon dioxide produced when m_fuel kilograms of a fuel with carbon mass fraction C are completely c...
Compute the change in internal energy ΔU of a closed system using the first law of thermodynamics, ΔU = q + w, with the...
Calculates pressure of a real gas using the van der Waals equation from volume, temperature, moles, and the gas-specific...
Compute the molar enthalpy of solution ΔH_soln (kJ/mol) of a salt dissolving in water, from a coffee-cup calorimeter exp...
Calculates the standard cell potential E°_cell = E°_cathode − E°_anode from the standard reduction potentials of two hal...
Convert between parts-per-million (ppm) by mass and mg/L for an aqueous solution of given density: mg/L = ppm · density_...
Compute the average reaction rate from the change in concentration of a reactant (or product) over a time interval: r =...
Compute the Gibbs free-energy change ΔG of a reaction at any user-chosen temperature T from the standard enthalpy ΔH and...
Compute the standard Gibbs free-energy change of an electrochemical reaction from its standard cell potential and the nu...
Compute the final concentration after N serial dilutions at a 1-in-R dilution factor (e.g., five 1:10 dilutions). Report...
Given moles of limiting reagent, the stoichiometric ratio (moles product per mole reagent), and the molar mass of the pr...
Calculates the Q-value of a nuclear reaction from the mass difference between reactants and products in atomic mass unit...
Estimate the percent ionic character of a single bond from the electronegativity difference using Pauling's formula: %io...
Calculates Gibbs free energy change ΔG from enthalpy ΔH and entropy ΔS at any temperature to determine reaction spontane...
Compute the heat released by a reaction in a constant-volume bomb calorimeter from the calorimeter's heat capacity and t...